Exemption for jailbreaking shows, again, that the DMCA works!

July 28th, 2010 | Mark Blafkin

The Librarian of Congress and the Register of Copyright conducted another thorough review of requested exemptions to the DMCA and issued six new well-reasoned exemptions. ACT believes the exemptions issued demonstrate the flexibility of the DMCA to adequately protect copyright owners, provide incentives for new innovation, and enable consumers and innovators to utilize and enjoy copyrighted works.

The Librarian of Congress concluded the triennial rulemaking process and issued six exemptions to the DMCA’s prohibition on circumvention of technologies that control access to copyrighted works. Six classes of works were determined to be exempt- in other words, copyright users of these works can circumvent access controls of copyrighted works to make non-infringing uses.

The Librarian, upon the recommendation of the Register of Copyrights, has issued exemptions in each rulemaking since the enactment of the DMCA. These exemptions impacted only a small number of copyright users and went relatively unnoticed. However, a new exemption was added to the list yesterday and it had the tech world buzzing.

Owners of smartphones, basically iPhones, may now circumvent or “jailbreak” the access controls to the firmware in order to add and run interoperable third-party applications.

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ACT Member Peter Carnes Storms the House!

July 22nd, 2010 | Morgan Reed

CT member Peter Carnes (CEO of Traffax, Inc.) testified before of the House Committee on Small Business today about “The Impact of Intellectual Property on Entrepreneurship and Job Creation”. Peter shared the stage with a really diverse group of IP owners – from ABRO, which has problems protecting its trademarks, to Rick Carnes, a songwriter who has written songs for Reba McEntire and Garth Brooks. The President of the Business Software Alliance and the CEO of t3 (they sell mainframe software) rounded out the mix.

The Committee has Peter’s oral testimony up on YouTube here, but for those of you who want to read the full version, here’s a link.

Overall, the witnesses really hammered on the message that IP was a key way for America to move forward, and that it wasn’t going to happen without some help from the government. Holleyman and Rick Carnes (Songwriter’s Guild) pointed out that the BRIC nations are really doing a number on US copyright holders – stealing software, music and movies as fast as we can make them. Peter talked about the need to get the USPTO fully funded, and to get the backlog of patents dealt with so that businesses that file for patents aren’t hanging out in the wind for nearly 2 years after their patent has been published.

Peter also pointed out that adding IP to international trade agreements had an impact not just on the macro level, but in day to day business as well. He noted that he had been dealing with China for years, and he has begun to notice that IP issues have now become “part of the narrative” of business negotiations, when before they weren’t even an afterthought.

On patents, Congressman Luetkemeyer referenced a constituent of his who said  ‘filing a patent lets your competitors see what you are doing, and then they just tweak it to work around, so why bother?’ Peter noted that this is the heart of the patent system; it drives innovation forward because by teaching others how you do things, they come up with ways to jump ahead. In exchange for sharing the secret of  how my invention works, I get a time restricted monopoly on my design.  I share so that I can get (temporary) exclusivity. But this delicate balance is being thrown out of whack by a patent system that takes far too long between publishing and granting. During that nearly 2 year gap of time the patent filer can do next to nothing to protect his idea.

We agree with Peter that something needs to be done to get USPTO on the right track of eliminating the patent backlog; in support of this, ACT has asked Congress to give the USPTO access to all the money it collects for FY2010 during FY2010, rather than wait a whole year to spend the money we’ve given them.  Here’s a copy of the letter we sent to the Senate Appropriations Committee.

Finally,  Peter talked about the difficulty small tech companies have had when trying to get a loan through SBA. Banks have almost no ability, and no interest, in granting loans to companies that have few tangible assets.  Innovation companies don’t buy buildings, they don’t buy furniture, they don’t buy trucks, they may not even buy computers.  Instead they pay wages for engineers, they hire software developers, they build and destructively test prototypes – none of which is a tangible asset that a bank can attach if you fail.   Peter asked Chairwoman Velazquez to work with SBA to improve how SBA deals with IP as an asset for the purposes of securing loans.

Overall, Peter was a rockstar today, and made all of us at ACT very proud to have him as a member.

Supreme Court Upholds Software Patents in Bilski; “IP Sucks” Camp Mourns

June 28th, 2010 | Morgan Reed

Today, the Supreme Court of the United States issued its opinion in Bilski v. Kappos, finding that Bilski’s patent was not valid, but reaffirming the patentability of methods and software.  Those in the “IP Sucks” camp were hoping the court would embrace their vision and overturn the entire concept software patents.  Thankfully, their hopes and dreams lie shattered on the floor, soaked in tears, much like my hopes for a USA semifinal birth in the World Cup.

Here is the statement I put out earlier today:

“The Supreme Court reaffirmed what we have always known: the world of software is filled with inventions deserving of protection through the patent system. Just a few minutes playing with a Tivo, an iPhone, or Adobe Photoshop proves that beyond a shadow of a doubt.

Patent quality is still clearly a problem for PTO on software and other method patents, but the Supreme Court rightfully chose not to throw the baby out with the bathwater. Bad patents are the problem, not the patentability of methods and software. What is needed is real effort to reform the system and prevent bad patents from ever being granted.”

Some key lines from the decision include:

In discussing the foundations of patent law:

Section 101 specifies four independent categories of inventions or discoveries that are patent eligible: “process[es],” “machin[es],” “manufactur[es],” and “composition[s] of matter.” “In choosing such expansive terms, . . . Congress plainly contemplated that the patent laws would be given wide scope,” Diamond v. Chakrabarty, 447 U. S. 303, 308, in order to ensure that “ ‘ingenuity should receive a liberal encouragement,’ ” id., at 308–309.

An invention need not be a machine or create physical transformation:

The machine-or-transformation test is not the sole test for patent eligibility under §101.

The Court is unaware of any ordinary, contemporary, common meaning of “process” that would require it to be tied to a machine or the transformation of an article.

Patent Law Does Not Exclude Business Methods or Software Patents:

(c) Section 101 similarly precludes a reading of the term “process” that would categorically exclude business methods. The term “method” within §100(b)’s “process” definition, at least as a textual matter and before other consulting other Patent Act limitations and this Court’s precedents, may include at least some methods of doing business. The Court is unaware of any argument that the “ordinary, contemporary, common meaning,” Diehr, supra, at 182, of “method” excludes business methods. Nor is it clear what a business method exception would sweep in and whether it would exclude technologies for conducting a business more efficiently. The categorical exclusion argument is further undermined by the fact that federal law explicitly contemplates the existence of at least some business method patents: